SPC (Stone Plastic Composite) floorings' strength, waterproof qualities and visual appeal have made it the preferred option for both residential and commercial construction. To guarantee long-term performance however special considerations must be made when installing SPC flooring in cold climates such as the Northern USA and Canada. Flooring materials must be able to tolerate variations in humidity expansion and contraction in areas where temperatures frequently fall below freezing. This manual provides crucial advice and industry best practices for installers, contractors and builders using SPC flooring in colder climates.
Why Cold Climate Affects SPC Flooring Installation
Although SPC flooring is dimensionally stable it will still respond to the installation environment just like any other vinyl-based product. Low temperatures will cause the planks to become rigid making it more challenging to click them together. Defective adhesion or gaps may result from the underfloor freezing or condensing. After installation abrupt temperature changes may cause expansion issues. For optimal results installers in northern states like Minnesota Michigan and upstate New York or in Canadian provinces like Ontario Alberta and Quebec must adhere to local installation regulations.
Key Benefits of SPC Flooring in Cold Regions
Despite the disadvantages SPC is one of the best flooring choices for cold climates because of the following. Its waterproof core makes it perfect for steamy basements and boots that have melted. Rigid core: impervious to warping due to temperature variations. Underfloor heating systems are simple. less heat expansion compared to hardwood or laminate.
Tips for Installing SPC Flooring in Cold Climates
Acclimate the Flooring Before Installation
One of the most important steps is allowing the SPC planks to acclimate in the space they will be installed in.
Store planks flat and closed in the installation location
- Keep indoor temperature between 65°F (18°C) and 85°F (29°C) for at least 48 hours prior to and following installation
- Humidity should be maintained between 35% and 65%
- Omitting acclimation in cold weather conditions can result in gapping and clicking problems once the room is warmed.
Condition the Installation Area
Never install SPC flooring in an unheated room or a room under construction with no temperature control.
Key tips:
- There is nothing wrong with your parents doing above, but use the space heaters as a temporary means of heating up the space.
- Ensure subfloors are not frozen or exposed to outside cold air.
- Do not install when room temperature is below 60°F (15°C) for an extended period of time.
Subfloor Inspection and Preparation
In installations in cold climates where there are concrete or basement subfloors that remain damp. Proper subfloor prep includes:
Either less than 75% RH, or ft sq/24h, measured according to ASTM/recommended method for concrete. /1000 sq. ft./24 hrs)
- Make sure the surface is dry, even and clean
- Install vapor barrier or underlayment, as per manufacturer recommendations
- Turn on radiant heat systems 24-48 hours before installation
Choose the Right Underlayment
An underlayment is not mandatory for all SPC planks, but it will provide thermal insulation and sound reduction against cold floor. Use underlayment that is:
- Rated for cold weather
- Approved for SPC flooring installations
- Compatible with in-floor heating systems
Seek IXPE or EVA foam underlayment, which are sound dampening and cold reducing features when installed over subfloor.
Install with Expansion Gaps
Although SPC is in a stable form, the conversion from cold to warm results in slight dilation. Always:
- Allow for a 1/4" expansion space around walls and fixed objects
- Lay T-molding or transition strips for large areas (over 40 ft. or in length or width)
- Don’t place SPC flush against cabinetry or structural features
Secure Transition Moldings and Trims Properly
Due to climatic variations, trims could shrink or swell. Use
- Flexible adhesives
- Pre-drilled holes when nailing trims
- Manufacturer-approved sealants for waterproofing
Check Product Warranty for Cold Weather Installation
Not all brands of SPC are even rated for extreme temperature changes. Before purchasing:
- It is because we can confirm the temperature tolerance of the product spec
- Ensure it supports underfloor heating
- Refer to warranty for terms of installation in temperatures below 60°F (15°C)
Collaborating with North American flooring manufacturers also means stronger product support for local conditions.
Cold Climate SPC Installation: Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Failure to Acclimate=Post-Installation Gapping
- Mould Odour Fungus, Failure Mould, odor, or fungus occurring from, on or beneath the underlayment or subfloor which the flooring was originally installed.
- Failure to properly control the room temperature during and after installation
- Application of incompatible adhesives or sealants with cold-rated SPC
FAQs About SPC Flooring (Cold Climates & Basements)
It may freeze the floor if not rated for freezing. SPC can be brittle in very cold conditions, and can crack or lose joints.
Heated climate-controlled space for a minimum of 48 hours is a necessity to avoid installation problems.
Yes, the majority of our SPC products are suitable for use with underfloor heating. Always look up the maximum heat tolerance (up to 85°F or 29°C) of the manufacturer.
Yes, but test for moisture, add a moisture barrier and let the slab come to room temperature before installing.
Installed with foam underlayment that provides sound insulation, temperature barrier, SPC support and is an approved underlayment for rigid core products.
