When it comes to flooring choices, durability is often at the top of the list. From homeowners to businesses, clients all want a flooring choice that is going to last. It is one of the top selling points that manufacturers tout to potential buyers, but one type of flooring that has outlasted them all? Yes – Stone Plastic Composite, also known as SPC flooring. But what exactly makes this flooring type so durable? We break down the science behind SPC flooring below, including its composition, structure, and special characteristics that make it so resilient. What Makes SPC Anti-Wear and Durable?
One of the defining features of SPC is its core composition. The core of all SPC planks is made from a high-percentage of limestone (calcium carbonate) which is a naturally occurring material. The addition of limestone to SPC flooring along with its structure is what gives it many of its unique properties and characteristics, including resilience. Limestone has always been praised for its hardness and structure, and giving SPC flooring some of its incredible properties, including high density and stability. Because it is so rigid, the core of the flooring will never expand or contract with temperature. The added toughness of limestone gives SPC flooring special resistance to dents and foot traffic. The special core of SPC flooring is also what makes it water-resistant – something that traditional wood-based flooring still suffers from.
Molecular Structure of SPC Core
The core of the SPC floors is made of PVC and limestone powder reinforced with stabilizers. Its molecular structure leads to:
Dimensional stability: as the core is hard, it does not warp, expand, or contract under the influence of humidity and temperature. The top layer is made of polyurethane (PU), with ceramic bead or aluminum oxide coating. Here's the science behind the wear layer: Scratch resistance: hard minerals in the wear layer prevent scratches from furniture, pet claws, and daily use.
UV resistance: special coating helps prevent fading and discoloration from the sun.
Wear Layer Technology & Scratch Resistance
The hardiness of SPC flooring is furthered by its wear layer. The topcoat of the floor typically consisted of PU plus the addition of ceramic bead or aluminum oxide coating.
The Science Behind the Wear Layer:
- Scratch Resistance: Hard minerals in the wear layer prevent scratches from furniture, pet claws and day-to-day wear.
- UV Protection: Coatings keep sunlight from causing fading and discoloration.
- Stain Protection: The wear layer is non-porous and liquid-proof to resist stains.
Rigid Core Construction & Impact Resistance
One of the key features of SPC flooring is the rigid core, in that the core of SPC is not flexible like vinyl or laminate flooring; thus it is:
- Highly Impact Resistant - the dense core absorbs shocks, resists dents, and is suitable for high-traffic areas.
- More Durable Than WPC: WPC & SPC are both waterproof, but SPC is denser and thus stronger than WPC, thanks to its stone-based composition.
Water Resistant & Mildew Resistant
A key advantage of SPC flooring is that it is 100% waterproof. While wood flooring expands and warps when it gets wet, SPC flooring doesn't absorb moisture and remains unaffected. Since the material is water resistant, it also means that mold and mildew are unlikely to grow out of it. This is because:
- The core is non-porous so water cannot be absorbed.
- Edges are sealed, and click-lock installation ensures water does not get through the seams on the floor.
Sound Absorption and Comfort Underfoot
Although a sturdy material, SPC flooring can be comfortable and quiet as it has a backing layer, often made of:
- EVA Foam Padding: Add cushioning and make SPC flooring comfortable underfoot.
- Sound Absorption: SPC flooring reduces noise transmission and is a good choice for apartments and offices.
Fire Resistance and Safety
Safety is another factor that contributes to the durability of SPC floors:
The stone content in the core makes SPC fire-resistant:
- Flame Retardant: SPC floors have a very fire-resistant rating and do not easily catch fire.
- Less Smoke: In the event of a fire, SPC emits less smoke and toxic fumes than vinyl floors.
Conclusion
Why SPC Flooring Lasts The durability of SPC flooring is a result of scientific advancements in material engineering and manufacturing. Its limestone-based core, advanced wear layers, and waterproof features make it an ideal choice for both residential and commercial installations. Whether you need flooring that can handle high-traffic areas, moisture-prone spaces, or heavy-duty environments, SPC flooring offers unbeatable longevity and resilience. By understanding the science behind SPC flooring, consumers can make informed decisions and invest in a flooring solution that not only performs well but also looks great and lasts a long time. With its impressive resistance to wear, impact, water, and fire, SPC flooring is truly the pinnacle of modern flooring innovation.
